CCEM-K2, EUROMET.EM-K2, EURAMET.EM-K2.1 and APMP.EM-K2
MEASURAND Resistance
NOMINAL VALUE 10 MΩ
Degrees of equivalence, Di and expanded uncertainty Ui (k = 2), relative to the CCEM-K2 key comparison reference value, expressed in 10-6.
Click here for enlaged graph
CCEM-K2, SIM.EM-K2, EUROMET.EM-K2, EURAMET.EM-K2.1 and APMP.EM-K2
MEASURAND Resistance
NOMINAL VALUE 1 GΩ
Degrees of equivalence, Di and expanded uncertainty Ui (k = 2), relative to the CCEM-K2 key comparison reference value, expressed in 10-6.
Click here for enlarged graph
CCEM-K2, EUROMET.EM-K2, EURAMET.EM-K2.1 and APMP.EM-K2
MEASURAND Resistance
NOMINAL VALUE 10 MΩ
Degrees of equivalence, Di and expanded uncertainty Ui (k = 2), relative to the CCEM-K2 key comparison reference value, expressed in 10-6.
| LABi | Di | Uneg,i | Upos,i | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
10-6 |
10-6 |
10-6 |
||
| NIST | -0.3 | 2.9 | ||
| NRC | -1.2 | 5.7 | ||
| LNE | 0.0 | 2.1 | ||
| NPL | -0.3 | 2.3 | ||
| PTB | 0.0 | 5.0 | ||
| NMIA | -0.3 | 5.4 | ||
| MSL | -0.4 | 2.1 | ||
| NMISA | -16 | 79 | ||
| RISE | 0.6 | 4.0 | ||
| METAS | 0.7 | 2.1 | ||
| INRIM | 0.9 | 5.5 | ||
| VSL | 0.6 | 6.4 | ||
| KRISS | -2.3 | 6.3 | ||
| NIM | 0.6 | 2.5 | ||
| VNIIM | -0.1 | 2.8 | ||
| MIRS/SIQ/Metrology | 1.8 | 2.2 | ||
| SMU | 7.4 | 8.7 | ||
| FTMC | -0.3 | 2.0 | ||
| MIKES | -0.5 | 2.4 | ||
| BFKH | 0.7 | 3.7 | ||
| CMI | 0.1 | 7.2 | ||
| INM | 9.1 | 6.9 | ||
| NSAI NML | 0.3 | 14.8 | ||
| JV | 1.3 | 2.3 | ||
| IPQ | -19.2 | 21.6 | ||
| LATMB | -3.1 | 6.7 | ||
| SMD | 4.2 | 3.0 | ||
| UME | 1.4 | 7.4 | ||
| EIM | -6.6 | 13.7 | ||
| BEV | -0.1 | 3.5 | ||
| CEM | 2.9 | 2.0 | ||
| GUM | 3.2 | 2.6 | ||
| FER-PEL | 5.0 | 2.8 | ||
| BIM | 3.0 | 4.8 | ||
| NIS | -37.5 | 98.4 | ||
| CMS | -0.8 | 4.8 | ||
| NIMT | 6.8 | 6.7 | ||
| NMIM | 1.6 | 7.0 | ||
| NMC, A*STAR | 0.4 | 2.1 | ||
| NMIJ | 1.7 | 2.0 | ||
| NMIA | -0.6 | 2.1 | ||
| NMISA | -2.2 | 5.2 | ||
| SCL | -1.4 | 5.3 | ||
| KazStandard | -8.8 | 48.1 |
CCEM-K2
RISE refers to SP in the final report.
EUROMET.EM-K2
MIRS/SIQ/Metrology refers to MIRS/SIQ in the final report.
FTMC refers to VMT/PFI in the final report.
BFKH refers to OMH in the final report.
NSAI NML refers to NML(IE) in the final report.
IPQ refers to INETI/LME in the final report.
LATMB refers to LNMC in the final report.
EURAMET.EM-K2.1
FER-PEL refers to HMI/FER-PEL in the final report.
APMP.EM-K2
NMIM refers to NML-SIRIM in the final report.
KazStandard refers to KazInMetr in the final report.
CCEM-K2, SIM.EM-K2, EUROMET.EM-K2, EURAMET.EM-K2.1 and APMP.EM-K2
MEASURAND Resistance
NOMINAL VALUE 1 GΩ
Degrees of equivalence, Di and expanded uncertainty Ui (k = 2), relative to the CCEM-K2 key comparison reference value, expressed in 10-6.
| LABi | Di | Uneg,i | Upos,i | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
10-6 |
10-6 |
10-6 |
||
| NIST | -0.1 | 8.6 | ||
| NRC | -0.2 | 19.8 | ||
| LNE | -1.3 | 18.0 | ||
| NPL | -7.2 | 11.0 | ||
| PTB | 3.3 | 13.0 | ||
| NMIA | 2.1 | 66.8 | ||
| MSL | 4.6 | 6.6 | ||
| NMISA | -53 | 581 | ||
| RISE | -1.6 | 10.0 | ||
| METAS | 2.9 | 22.8 | ||
| INRIM | 2.5 | 19.3 | ||
| VSL | -32.3 | 36.3 | ||
| KRISS | -1.5 | 12.4 | ||
| NIM | -0.6 | 8.3 | ||
| VNIIM | 0.0 | 7.3 | ||
| INTI | -7.5 | 12.6 | ||
| INMETRO | -4.2 | 11.8 | ||
| UTE | -4.3 | 35.5 | ||
| CENAM | 3.7 | 16.0 | ||
| MIRS/SIQ/Metrology | -10.7 | 12.0 | ||
| SMU | -28.4 | 37.8 | ||
| FTMC | -1.8 | 8.9 | ||
| MIKES | -1.8 | 11.4 | ||
| BFKH | 2.0 | 9.2 | ||
| CMI | 6.7 | 30.8 | ||
| INM | -44.9 | 44.5 | ||
| NSAI NML | -3.0 | 62.3 | ||
| JV | 0.1 | 14.4 | ||
| IPQ | -33.4 | 208.5 | ||
| SMD | -2.7 | 18.6 | ||
| UME | -1.4 | 12.2 | ||
| EIM | -0.4 | 17.9 | ||
| BEV | 0.7 | 18.1 | ||
| CEM | -1.4 | 7.3 | ||
| GUM | -2.4 | 12.2 | ||
| FER-PEL | -8.0 | 39.6 | ||
| BIM | 100.6 | 211.5 | ||
| CMS | 1.6 | 10.1 | ||
| NMIM | 7.3 | 25.5 | ||
| NMC, A*STAR | -5.3 | 13.1 | ||
| NMIJ | 5.0 | 5.2 | ||
| NMIA | -1.8 | 7.5 | ||
| NMISA | 4.0 | 9.2 | ||
| SCL | 0.8 | 12.8 | ||
| KazStandard | 227.8 | 142.8 |
CCEM-K2
RISE refers to SP in the final report.
EUROMET.EM-K2
MIRS/SIQ/Metrology refers to MIRS/SIQ in the final report.
FTMC refers to VMT/PFI in the final report.
BFKH refers to OMH in the final report.
NSAI NML refers to NML(IE) in the final report.
IPQ refers to INETI/LME in the final report.
EURAMET.EM-K2.1
FER-PEL refers to HMI/FER-PEL in the final report.
APMP.EM-K2
NMIM refers to NML-SIRIM in the final report.
KazStandard refers to KazInMetr in the final report.
| Metrology area, Sub-field | Electricity and Magnetism, Resistance |
| Description | Comparison of resistance standards |
| Time of measurements | 1996 - 2000 |
| Status | Approved for equivalence |
| Final Reports of the comparisons | |
| Measurand | Resistance: 10 megaohms and 1 gigaohm |
| Parameters | Voltage: 10 V, 50 V, 91 V or 100 V |
| Transfer device | Wirewound and film-type resistors |
| Comparison type | Key Comparison |
| Consultative Committee | CCEM (Consultative Committee for Electricity and Magnetism) |
| Conducted by | CCEM (Consultative Committee for Electricity and Magnetism) |
| Comments | Results published on 11 January 2002 SIM.EM-K2 results (1 gigaohm only), and EUROMET.EM-K2 and EURAMET.EM-K2.1 results (10 megaohms and 1 gigaohm) are linked to those of CCEM-K2 Resistance |
| Pilot institute |
NIST
National Institute of Standards and Technology United States |
| Contact person | R. Dziuba +1 301 975 4239 |
| Pilot laboratory | |
|---|---|
| NIST |
National Institute of Standards and Technology, United States, SIM |
| INRIM |
Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Italy, EURAMET |
| KRISS |
Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Korea, Republic of, APMP |
| LNE |
Laboratoire national de métrologie et d'essais, France, EURAMET |
| METAS |
Federal Institute of Metrology, Switzerland, EURAMET |
| MSL |
Measurement Standards Laboratory, New Zealand, APMP |
| NIM |
National Institute of Metrology, China, APMP |
| NMIA |
National Measurement Institute, Australia, Australia, APMP |
| NMISA |
National Metrology Institute of South Africa, South Africa, AFRIMETS |
| NPL |
National Physical Laboratory, United Kingdom, EURAMET |
| NRC |
National Research Council, Canada, SIM |
| PTB |
Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Germany, EURAMET |
| RISE |
Research Institutes of Sweden AB, Sweden, EURAMET |
| VNIIM |
D.I. Mendeleyev Institute for Metrology, Rosstandart, Russian Federation, COOMET |
| VSL |
VSL, Netherlands, EURAMET |
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CCEM-K2, EUROMET.EM-K2, EURAMET.EM-K2.1 and APMP.EM-K2
MEASURAND Resistance
NOMINAL VALUE 10 MΩ
CCEM-K2
The key comparison reference value, xR, and the expanded uncertainty (k = 2) of the key comparison reference value, UR, is computed from the weighted mean of the DiCOMB 's, where the UiCOMB ’s for each NMI are used as weights (See section 5.2 of the CCEM-K2 Final report).
xR = 0.346 × 10-6 UR = 0.859 × 10-6
The degree of equivalence of each laboratory with respect to the key comparison reference value is given by a pair of terms expressed in 10-6:
Di = DiCOMB - xR and its expanded uncertainty (k = 2), where Ui = (UiCOMB2 - UR2)1/2 .
Linking EUROMET.EM-K2 to CCEM-K2
METAS, PTB, VSL, NPL, LNE and VNIIM provide the link between the key comparison CCEM-K2 and EUROMET.EM-K2, having participated in both comparisons. The linking process is described in Section 6.6 of the EUROMET.EM-K2 Final Report.
Linking EURAMET.EM-K2.1 to CCEM-K2
METAS provides the link between the key comparison CCEM-K2 and EURAMET.EM-K2.1, having participated in both comparisons and also participated in EUROMET.EM-K2. The linking process is described in Section 6.4 of the EURAMET.EM-K2.1 Final Report.
Linking APMP.EM-K2 to CCEM-K2
KRISS, MSL, NIM, VNIIM provide the link between the key comparison CCEM-K2 and APMP.EM-K2, having participated in both comparisons. The linking process is described in Section 7 of the APMP.EM-K2 Final Report.
CCEM-K2, SIM.EM-K2, EUROMET.EM-K2, EURAMET.EM-K2.1 and APMP.EM-K2
MEASURAND Resistance
NOMINAL VALUE 1 GΩ
CCEM-K2
The key comparison reference value, xR, and the expanded uncertainty (k = 2) of the key comparison reference value, UR, is computed from the weighted mean of the DiCOMB 's, where the UiCOMB ’s for each NMI are used as weights (See section 5.2 of the CCEM-K2 Final report).
xR = 0.10 × 10-6 UR = 3.19 × 10-6
The degree of equivalence of each laboratory with respect to the key comparison reference value is given by a pair of terms expressed in 10-6:
Di = DiCOMB - xR and its expanded uncertainty (k = 2), Ui = (UiCOMB2 - UR2)1/2 .
Linking SIM.EM-K2 to CCEM-K2
NIST and NRC provide the link between the key comparison CCEM-K2 and SIM.EM-K2, having participated in both comparisons. The linking process is described in Appendix G of the SIM.EM-K2 Final Report.
Linking EUROMET.EM-K2 to CCEM-K2
METAS, PTB, VSL, NPL, LNE and VNIIM provide the link between the key comparison CCEM-K2 and EUROMET.EM-K2, having participated in both comparisons. The linking process is described in Section 6.6 of the EUROMET.EM-K2 Final Report.
Linking EURAMET.EM-K2.1 to CCEM-K2
METAS provides the link between the key comparison CCEM-K2 and EURAMET.EM-K2.1, having participated in both comparisons and also participated in EUROMET.EM-K2. The linking process is described in Section 6.4 of the EURAMET.EM-K2.1 Final Report.
Linking APMP.EM-K2 to CCEM-K2
KRISS, MSL, NIM, VNIIM provide the link between the key comparison CCEM-K2 and APMP.EM-K2, having participated in both comparisons. The linking process is described in Section 7 of the APMP.EM-K2 Final Report.
CCEM-K2, EUROMET.EM-K2, EURAMET.EM-K2.1 and APMP.EM-K2
MEASURAND Resistance
NOMINAL VALUE 10 MΩ
CCEM-K2
xi result of measurement carried out by laboratory i, Labi expressed as the relative deviation from the nominal value R0 = 10 megaohms,
namely Ri = R0(1 + xi) where Ri is the resistance measured by laboratory i.
Ui expanded uncertainty (k = 2) of xi
S/N serial number of the travelling standard
DiCOMB combined mean of the three travelling standards relative differences from a least-squares linear regression of the NIST values for each travelling standard
UiCOMB expanded uncertainty (k = 2) of DiCOMB
The calculation of the DiCOMB's and UiCOMB's is described in detail in Section 5 of the CCEM-K2 Final Report.
| Lab i | S/N | Ui | Mean date of measurement | DiCOMB | UiCOMB | ||
| HR7550 | HR7551 | HR7552 | |||||
| xi | xi | xi | |||||
| / 10-6 | / 10-6 | / 10-6 | / 10-6 | / 10-6 | / 10-6 | ||
| NIST | 28.2 | 4.6 | 18.6 | 3.0 | 1996-08-24 | -1.6 | 3.0 |
| NRC* | 31 | 5 | 20 | 6.0 | 1996-10-20 | -0.8 | 5.8 |
| NIST | 30.8 | 6.7 | 20.2 | 3.0 | 1996-12-08 | 0.1 | 3.0 |
| LNE | 31.49 | 6.97 | 23.04 | 1.4 | 1997-03-04 | 0.3 | 2.3 |
| NPL | 30.8 | 7.1 | 23.8 | 1.7 | 1997-05-06 | 0.1 | 2.5 |
| PTB | 31.6 | 7.5 | 24.8 | 5.0 | 1997-07-01 | 0.4 | 5.0 |
| NIST | 32.7 | 8.1 | 28.4 | 3.0 | 1997-08-13 | 1.1 | 3.0 |
| NMIA | 32.3 | 7.3 | 27.0 | 5.0 | 1997-10-25 | 0.1 | 5.5 |
| MSL | 32.5 | 7.3 | 28.6 | 1.2 | 1998-01-11 | -0.1 | 2.3 |
| NMISA* | 50 | -20 | 30 | 104 | 1998-02-18 | -15.4 | 79 |
| NIST | 36.3 | 8.9 | 34.5 | 3.0 | 1998-04-30 | 1.9 | 3.0 |
| RISE | 34.3 | 8.7 | 32.8 | 3.6 | 1998-06-27 | 0.9 | 4.1 |
| METAS* | 34.7 | 8.9 | 33.2 | 1.4 | 1998-08-14 | 1.0 | 2.3 |
| INRIM* | 35.0 | 9.4 | 33.7 | 5.4 | 1998-09-28 | 1.3 | 5.5 |
| VSL | 35.4 | 9.1 | 35.0 | 6.0 | 1998-12-25 | 0.9 | 6.5 |
| NIST | 34.9 | 7.8 | 31.7 | 3.0 | 1999-02-22 | -0.6 | 3.0 |
| KRISS | 32.7 | 7.1 | 30.8 | 6.0 | 1999-05-23 | -2.0 | 6.3 |
| NIST | 35.5 | 8.5 | 33.3 | 3.0 | 1999-08-07 | -0.5 | 3.0 |
| NIM** | 36.9 | 10.2 | 38.1 | 2.0 | 1999-11-14 | 0.9 | 2.7 |
| VNIIM*** | 36 | 10 | 37 | 1.7 | 2000-01-10 | 0.3 | 3.0 |
| NIST | 34.7 | 10.0 | 35.5 | 3.0 | 2000-03-12 | -0.4 | 3.0 |
| NIST(Mean) | 1998-05-07 | 0.0 | 3.0 | ||||
* Measurements at 10 V
** Measurements at 91 V
*** Measurements at 50 V
All other measurements at 100 V
EUROMET.EM-K2
Individual measurements and uncertainties reported by laboratories participant in EUROMET.EM-K2 are given in the Annexes of the EUROMET.EM-K2 Final Report.
LNE (France) did not measure at nominal value 10 megaohms.
Measurements were carried out between August 2005 and April 2007.
EURAMET.EM-K2.1
Individual measurements and uncertainties reported by laboratories participant in EURAMET.EM-K2.1 are given in the Annexes of the EURAMET.EM-K2.1 Final Report.
Measurements were carried out between March 2010 and February 2011.
APMP.EM-K2
Individual measurements and uncertainties reported by laboratories participant in APMP.EM-K2 are given in Section 6 of the APMP.EM-K2 Final Report.
Measurements were carried out between July 2010 and July 2014.
CCEM-K2, SIM.EM-K2, EUROMET.EM-K2, EURAMET.EM-K2.1 and APMP.EM-K2
MEASURAND Resistance
NOMINAL VALUE 1 GΩ
CCEM-K2
xi result of measurement carried out by laboratory i, Labi expressed as the relative deviation from the nominal value R0 = 1 gigaohms,
namely Ri = R0(1 + xi) where Ri is the resistance measured by laboratory i.
Ui expanded uncertainty (k = 2) of xi
S/N serial number of the travelling standard
DiCOMB combined mean of the three travelling standards relative differences from a least-squares linear regression of the NIST values for each travelling standard
UiCOMB expanded uncertainty (k = 2) of DiCOMB
The calculation of the DiCOMB's and UiCOMB's is described in detail in Section 5 of the CCEM-K2 Final Report.
| Lab i | S/N | Ui | Mean date of measurement | DiCOMB | UiCOMB | ||
| HR7550 | HR7551 | HR7552 | |||||
| xi | xi | xi | |||||
| / 10-6 | / 10-6 | / 10-6 | / 10-6 | / 10-6 | / 10-6 | ||
| NIST | 8.7 | -109.4 | 734.4 | 10.0 | 1996-08-24 | -6.7 | 9.3 |
| NRC | 15 | -102 | 743 | 20.0 | 1996-10-11 | -0.1 | 20.0 |
| NIST | 20.3 | -102.0 | 744.8 | 10.0 | 1996-12-08 | 0.9 | 9.3 |
| LNE | 17.00 | -101.00 | 745.00 | 18.0 | 1997-02-18 | -1.2 | 18.3 |
| NPL | 10.0 | -97.0 | 737.0 | 10.0 | 1997-05-08 | -7.1 | 11.4 |
| PTB | 27.0 | -89.0 | 748.0 | 15.0 | 1997-07-12 | 3.4 | 13.4 |
| NIST | 27.6 | -88.8 | 752.3 | 10.0 | 1997-08-12 | 4.8 | 9.3 |
| NMIA | 25.0 | -89.0 | 752.0 | 70.0 | 1997-10-25 | 2.2 | 66.9 |
| MSL | 30.0 | -84.0 | 755.0 | 5.3 | 1998-01-11 | 4.7 | 7.3 |
| NMISA | -40 | -130 | 700 | 600 | 1998-02-15 | -52.7 | 581 |
| NIST | 31.9 | -81.0 | 758.2 | 10.0 | 1998-04-29 | 5.1 | 9.3 |
| RISE | 25.5 | -86.9 | 754.0 | 8.8 | 1998-06-27 | -1.5 | 10.5 |
| METAS | 32.4 | -81.0 | 758.2 | 23.0 | 1998-08-15 | 3.0 | 23.0 |
| INRIM | 31.2 | -79.9 | 760.4 | 19.5 | 1998-10-17 | 2.6 | 19.5 |
| VSL | 1.0 | -111.0 | 724.0 | 40.0 | 1999-01-03 | -32.2 | 36.4 |
| NIST | 31.0 | -77.4 | 759.9 | 10.0 | 1999-02-22 | 0.2 | 9.3 |
| KRISS | 32.0 | -76.0 | 759.0 | 11.8 | 1999-05-23 | -1.4 | 12.8 |
| NIST | 31.4 | -77.5 | 762.4 | 10.0 | 1999-08-07 | -2.2 | 9.3 |
| NIM* | 35.0 | -74.5 | 766.9 | 6.6 | 1999-11-14 | -0.5 | 8.9 |
| VNIIM** | 38 | -72 | 768 | 4.5 | 2000-01-23 | 0.1 | 8.0 |
| NIST | 38.1 | -72.3 | 765.6 | 10.0 | 2000-03-13 | -2.1 | 9.3 |
| NIST(Mean) | 1998-05-07 | 0.0 | 9.3 | ||||
* Measurements at 91 V
** Measurements at 50 V
All other measurements at 100 V
SIM.EM-K2
Individual measurements reported by laboratories participant in SIM.EM-K2 are given in Tables 6.5 and 6.6 for both of the transfer instruments: see on pages 17 and 18 of the SIM.EM-K2 Final Report. These are relative difference between the result of measurement of laboratory i and the nominal value 1 GΩ.
Measurements were carried out between January 2006 and August 2007.
EUROMET.EM-K2
Individual measurements and uncertainties reported by laboratories participant in EUROMET.EM-K2 are given in the annexes of the EUROMET.EM-K2 Final Report.
LNMC (Latvia) did not measure at nominal value 1 GΩ.
Measurements were carried out between August 2005 and April 2007.
EURAMET.EM-K2.1
Individual measurements and uncertainties reported by laboratories participant in EURAMET.EM-K2.1 are given in the annexes of the EURAMET.EM-K2.1 Final Report.
Measurements were carried out between March 2010 and February 2011.
APMP.EM-K2
Individual measurements and uncertainties reported by laboratories participant in APMP.EM-K2 are given in Section 6 of the APMP.EM-K2 Final Report.
Measurements were carried out between July 2010 and July 2014.
