Comparison Display

CIPM MRA PARTICIPANTS

The KCDB - the BIPM key comparison database – supports the CIPM MRA. The KCDB contains information on the internationally recognized Calibration and Measurement Capabilities (CMCs) for services available from the participating institutes, and the key and supplementary comparisons supporting these CMCs.

All data listed in the KCDB have been reviewed and approved within the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement

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CIPM MRA PARTICIPANTS

CMC statistics

CMC statistics

Comparison statistics

CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL and SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL

PARAMETER : Complex-valued S-parameter S₂₁
ATTENUATION : 3 dB
FREQUENCY : 2 GHz

Reduced dimension degrees of equivalence relative to the key comparison reference value, D_i, and their respective 95% confidence indicators, U_i.
The D_i's represent magnitudes of complex quantities and are thus always positive.

Red diamonds: CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL measurements taken before July 2004 (*)
Green diamonds: CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL measurements taken after July 2004 (*)
Blue squares: SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL

(*) A step change was observed in the measurements of the 3 dB attenuator after the measurements were made at UME (July 2004), the cause of which is unclear. However, the device subsequently remained stable during the rest of the comparison. The loss of the continuity of this device has an effect on the intercomparison but it is not disastrous and some benefit can still be gained through the NPL measurements of both states of the device.

CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL and SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL

PARAMETER : Complex-valued S-parameter S₂₁
ATTENUATION : 3 dB
FREQUENCY : 9 GHz

Reduced dimension degrees of equivalence relative to the key comparison reference value, D_i, and their respective 95% confidence indicators, U_i.
The D_i's represent magnitudes of complex quantities and are thus always positive.

Red diamonds: CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL measurements taken before July 2004 (*)
Green diamonds: CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL measurements taken after July 2004 (*)
Blue squares: SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL

(*) A step change was observed in the measurements of the 3 dB attenuator after the measurements were made at UME (July 2004), the cause of which is unclear. However, the device subsequently remained stable during the rest of the comparison. The loss of the continuity of this device has an effect on the intercomparison but it is not disastrous and some benefit can still be gained through the NPL measurements of both states of the device.

CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL and SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL

PARAMETER : Complex-valued S-parameter S₂₁
ATTENUATION : 3 dB
FREQUENCY : 18 GHz

Reduced dimension degrees of equivalence relative to the key comparison reference value, D_i, and their respective 95% confidence indicators, U_i.
The D_i's represent magnitudes of complex quantities and are thus always positive.

Red diamonds: CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL measurements taken before July 2004 (*)
Green diamonds: CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL measurements taken after July 2004 (*)
Blue squares: SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL

(*) A step change was observed in the measurements of the 3 dB attenuator after the measurements were made at UME (July 2004), the cause of which is unclear. However, the device subsequently remained stable during the rest of the comparison. The loss of the continuity of this device has an effect on the intercomparison but it is not disastrous and some benefit can still be gained through the NPL measurements of both states of the device.

CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL and SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL

PARAMETER : Complex-valued S-parameter S₂₁
ATTENUATION : 20 dB
FREQUENCY : 2 GHz

Reduced dimension degrees of equivalence relative to the key comparison reference value, D_i, and their respective 95% confidence indicators, U_i.
The D_i's represent magnitudes of complex quantities and are thus always positive.

Red diamonds: CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL
Blue squares: SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL

CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL and SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL

PARAMETER : Complex-valued S-parameter S₂₁
ATTENUATION : 20 dB
FREQUENCY : 9 GHz

Reduced dimension degrees of equivalence relative to the key comparison reference value, D_i, and their respective 95% confidence indicators, U_i.
The D_i's represent magnitudes of complex quantities and are thus always positive.

Red diamonds: CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL
Blue squares: SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL

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PARAMETER : Complex-valued S-parameter S₂₁
ATTENUATION : 50 dB
FREQUENCY : 2 GHz

Reduced dimension degrees of equivalence relative to the key comparison reference value, D_i, and their respective 95% confidence indicators, U_i.
The D_i's represent magnitudes of complex quantities and are thus always positive.

U_NPLI = 0.0013

PARAMETER : Complex-valued S-parameter S₂₁
ATTENUATION : 50 dB
FREQUENCY : 9 GHz

Reduced dimension degrees of equivalence relative to the key comparison reference value, D_i, and their respective 95% confidence indicators, U_i.
The D_i's represent magnitudes of complex quantities and are thus always positive.

U_UME = 0.00033 and U_NPLI = 0.0035

PARAMETER : Complex-valued S-parameter S₂₁
ATTENUATION : 50 dB
FREQUENCY : 18 GHz

Reduced dimension degrees of equivalence relative to the key comparison reference value, D_i, and their respective 95% confidence indicators, U_i.
The D_i's represent magnitudes of complex quantities and are thus always positive.

U_NPLI = 0.0021

CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL and SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL

PARAMETER : Complex-valued voltage reflection coefficient S₁₁
Male matched load
FREQUENCY : 2 GHz

Reduced dimension degrees of equivalence relative to the key comparison reference value, D_i, and their respective 95% confidence indicators, U_i.
The D_i's represent magnitudes of complex quantities and are thus always positive.

Red diamonds: CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL
Blue squares: SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL

CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL and SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL

PARAMETER : Complex-valued voltage reflection coefficient S₁₁
Male matched load
FREQUENCY : 9 GHz

Reduced dimension degrees of equivalence relative to the key comparison reference value, D_i, and their respective 95% confidence indicators, U_i.
The D_i's represent magnitudes of complex quantities and are thus always positive.

Red diamonds: CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL
Blue squares: SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL

CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL and SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL

PARAMETER : Complex-valued voltage reflection coefficient S₁₁
Male matched load
FREQUENCY : 18 GHz

Reduced dimension degrees of equivalence relative to the key comparison reference value, D_i, and their respective 95% confidence indicators, U_i.
The D_i's represent magnitudes of complex quantities and are thus always positive.

Red diamonds: CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL
Blue squares: SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL

PARAMETER : Complex-valued voltage reflection coefficient S₁₁Female mismatched load
FREQUENCY : 2 GHz

Reduced dimension degrees of equivalence relative to the key comparison reference value, D_i, and their respective 95% confidence indicators, U_i.
The D_i's represent magnitudes of complex quantities and are thus always positive.

PARAMETER : Complex-valued voltage reflection coefficient S₁₁Female mismatched load
FREQUENCY : 9 GHz

Reduced dimension degrees of equivalence relative to the key comparison reference value, D_i, and their respective 95% confidence indicators, U_i.
The D_i's represent magnitudes of complex quantities and are thus always positive.

PARAMETER : Complex-valued voltage reflection coefficient S₁₁Female mismatched load
FREQUENCY : 18 GHz

Reduced dimension degrees of equivalence relative to the key comparison reference value, D_i, and their respective 95% confidence indicators, U_i.
The D_i's represent magnitudes of complex quantities and are thus always positive.

CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL and SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL

PARAMETER : Complex-valued S-parameter S₂₁
ATTENUATION : 3 dB
FREQUENCY : 2 GHz

Reduced dimension degrees of equivalence relative to the key comparison reference value, D_i, and their respective 95% confidence indicators, U_i.
The D_i's represent magnitudes of complex quantities and are thus always positive.

The complete matrix of equivalence for CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL is available here (PDF file, under A3 printable format), and also in Tables 18a and 18b on pages 54 and 55 of the CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL Final Report.

Yellow color indicates DoE obtained for SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL.

CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL : A step change was observed in the measurements of the 3 dB attenuator after the measurements were made at UME (July 2004), the cause of which is unclear. However, the device subsequently remained stable during the rest of the comparison. The loss of the continuity of this device has an effect on the intercomparison but it is not disastrous and some benefit can still be gained through the NPL measurements of both states of the device.

Results are presented under A4 printable format in Summary Results (PDF file).

CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL and SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL

PARAMETER : Complex-valued S-parameter S₂₁
ATTENUATION : 3 dB
FREQUENCY : 9 GHz

Reduced dimension degrees of equivalence relative to the key comparison reference value, D_i, and their respective 95% confidence indicators, U_i.
The D_i's represent magnitudes of complex quantities and are thus always positive.

The complete matrix of equivalence for CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL is available here (PDF file, under A3 printable format), and also in Tables 19a and 19b on pages 57 and 58 of the CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL Final Report.

Yellow color indicates DoE obtained for SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL.

CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL : A step change was observed in the measurements of the 3 dB attenuator after the measurements were made at UME (July 2004), the cause of which is unclear. However, the device subsequently remained stable during the rest of the comparison. The loss of the continuity of this device has an effect on the intercomparison but it is not disastrous and some benefit can still be gained through the NPL measurements of both states of the device.

Results are presented under A4 printable format in Summary Results (PDF file).

CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL and SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL

PARAMETER : Complex-valued S-parameter S₂₁
ATTENUATION : 3 dB
FREQUENCY : 18 GHz

Reduced dimension degrees of equivalence relative to the key comparison reference value, D_i, and their respective 95% confidence indicators, U_i.
The D_i's represent magnitudes of complex quantities and are thus always positive.

The complete matrix of equivalence for CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL is available here (PDF file, under A3 printable format), and also in Tables 20a and 20b on pages 60 and 61 of the CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL Final Report.

Yellow color indicates DoE obtained for SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL.

CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL : A step change was observed in the measurements of the 3 dB attenuator after the measurements were made at UME (July 2004), the cause of which is unclear. However, the device subsequently remained stable during the rest of the comparison. The loss of the continuity of this device has an effect on the intercomparison but it is not disastrous and some benefit can still be gained through the NPL measurements of both states of the device.

Results are presented under A4 printable format in Summary Results (PDF file).

CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL and SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL

PARAMETER : Complex-valued S-parameter S₂₁
ATTENUATION : 20 dB
FREQUENCY : 2 GHz

Reduced dimension degrees of equivalence relative to the key comparison reference value, D_i, and their respective 95% confidence indicators, U_i.
The D_i's represent magnitudes of complex quantities and are thus always positive.

The complete matrix of equivalence for CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL is available here (PDF file, under A3 printable format), and also in Table 21 on pages 63 to 65 of the CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL Final Report.

Yellow color indicates DoE obtained for SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL.

Results are presented under A4 printable format in Summary Results (PDF file).

CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL and SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL

PARAMETER : Complex-valued S-parameter S₂₁
ATTENUATION : 20 dB
FREQUENCY : 9 GHz

Reduced dimension degrees of equivalence relative to the key comparison reference value, D_i, and their respective 95% confidence indicators, U_i.
The D_i's represent magnitudes of complex quantities and are thus always positive.

The complete matrix of equivalence for CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL is available here (PDF file, under A3 printable format), and also in Table 22 on pages 67 to 69 of the CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL Final Report.

Yellow color indicates DoE obtained for SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL.

Results are presented under A4 printable format in Summary Results (PDF file).

CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL and SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL

PARAMETER : Complex-valued S-parameter S₂₁
ATTENUATION : 20 dB
FREQUENCY : 18 GHz

Reduced dimension degrees of equivalence relative to the key comparison reference value, D_i, and their respective 95% confidence indicators, U_i.
The D_i's represent magnitudes of complex quantities and are thus always positive.

The complete matrix of equivalence for CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL is available here (PDF file, under A3 printable format), and also in Table 23 on pages 71 to 73 of the CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL Final Report.

Yellow color indicates DoE obtained for SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL.

Results are presented under A4 printable format in Summary Results (PDF file).

PARAMETER : Complex-valued S-parameter S₂₁
ATTENUATION : 50 dB
FREQUENCY : 2 GHz

Reduced dimension degrees of equivalence relative to the key comparison reference value, D_i, and their respective 95% confidence indicators, U_i.
The D_i's represent magnitudes of complex quantities and are thus always positive.

The complete matrix of equivalence is available here (PDF file, under A3 printable format), and also in Table 24 on pages 75, 76 and 77 of the CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL Final Report.

PARAMETER : Complex-valued S-parameter S₂₁
ATTENUATION : 50 dB
FREQUENCY : 9 GHz

Reduced dimension degrees of equivalence relative to the key comparison reference value, D_i, and their respective 95% confidence indicators, U_i.
The D_i's represent magnitudes of complex quantities and are thus always positive.

The complete matrix of equivalence is available here (PDF file, under A3 printable format), and also in Table 25 on pages 79, 80 and 81 of the CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL Final Report.

PARAMETER : Complex-valued S-parameter S₂₁
ATTENUATION : 50 dB
FREQUENCY : 18 GHz

Reduced dimension degrees of equivalence relative to the key comparison reference value, D_i, and their respective 95% confidence indicators, U_i.
The D_i's represent magnitudes of complex quantities and are thus always positive.

The complete matrix of equivalence is available here (PDF file, under A3 printable format), and also in Table 26 on pages 83, 84 and 85 of the CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL Final Report.

CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL and SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL

PARAMETER : Complex-valued voltage reflection coefficient S₁₁
Male matched load
FREQUENCY : 2 GHz

Reduced dimension degrees of equivalence relative to the key comparison reference value, D_i, and their respective 95% confidence indicators, U_i.
The D_i's represent magnitudes of complex quantities and are thus always positive.

Yellow color indicates DoE obtained for SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL.

The complete matrix of equivalence is available here (PDF file, under A3 printable format), and also in Table 27 on pages 87 to 89 of the CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL Final Report.

Results are presented under A4 printable format in Summary Results (PDF file).

CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL and SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL

PARAMETER : Complex-valued voltage reflection coefficient S₁₁
Female mismatched load
FREQUENCY : 9 GHz

Reduced dimension degrees of equivalence relative to the key comparison reference value, D_i, and their respective 95% confidence indicators, U_i.
The D_i's represent magnitudes of complex quantities and are thus always positive.

The complete matrix of equivalence is available here (PDF file, under A3 printable format), and also in Table 28 on pages 91 to 93 of the CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL Final Report.

Results are presented under A4 printable format in Summary Results (PDF file).

CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL and SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL

PARAMETER : Complex-valued voltage reflection coefficient S₁₁
Female mismatched load
FREQUENCY : 18 GHz

Reduced dimension degrees of equivalence relative to the key comparison reference value, D_i, and their respective 95% confidence indicators, U_i.
The D_i's represent magnitudes of complex quantities and are thus always positive.

The complete matrix of equivalence for CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL is available here (PDF file, under A3 printable format), and also in Table 29 on pages 95 to 97 of the CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL Final Report.

Results are presented under A4 printable format in Summary Results (PDF file).

PARAMETER : Complex-valued voltage reflection coefficient S₁₁Female mismatched load
FREQUENCY : 2 GHz

Reduced dimension degrees of equivalence relative to the key comparison reference value, D_i, and their respective 95% confidence indicators, U_i.
The D_i's represent magnitudes of complex quantities and are thus always positive.

The complete matrix of equivalence is available here (PDF file, under A3 printable format), and also in Table 30 on pages 99, 100 and 101 of the CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL Final Report.

PARAMETER : Complex-valued voltage reflection coefficient S₁₁Female mismatched load
FREQUENCY : 9 GHz

Reduced dimension degrees of equivalence relative to the key comparison reference value, D_i, and their respective 95% confidence indicators, U_i.
The D_i's represent magnitudes of complex quantities and are thus always positive.

The complete matrix of equivalence is available here (PDF file, under A3 printable format), and also in Table 31 on pages 103, 104 and 105 of the CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL Final Report.

PARAMETER : Complex-valued voltage reflection coefficient S₁₁Female mismatched load
FREQUENCY : 18 GHz

Reduced dimension degrees of equivalence relative to the key comparison reference value, D_i, and their respective 95% confidence indicators, U_i.
The D_i's represent magnitudes of complex quantities and are thus always positive.

The complete matrix of equivalence is available here (PDF file, under A3 printable format), and also in Table 32 on pages 107, 108 and 109 of the CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL Final Report.

Comparison

Comparison close

CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL

Information & contact
Participants

Metrology area, Sub-field	Electricity and Magnetism, Radio frequencies
Description	Reflection coefficient / S parameters in type N connectors
Time of measurements	2003 - 2006
Status	Approved for equivalence

Final Reports of the comparisons	Metrologia, 2010, 47, Tech. Suppl., 01010
Measurand	Reflection coefficient / S parameters
Parameters	Frequency: 2 GHz to 18 GHz
Transfer device	Coaxial lines, type N connectors

Comparison type	Key Comparison
Consultative Committee	CCEM (Consultative Committee for Electricity and Magnetism)
Conducted by	CCEM (Consultative Committee for Electricity and Magnetism)
Comments	SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL are linked to those of CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL. CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL results were published on 18 August 2010 SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL results were published on 23 September 2016 Scattering coefficients by broad-band methods, 2 GHz to 18 GHz Type N connector
Pilot institute	NPL National Physical Laboratory United Kingdom
Contact person	Christopher EIO +44 (0) 20 8943 6197

Pilot laboratory
NPL	National Physical Laboratory, United Kingdom, EURAMET

CMI	Czech Metrology Institute, Czechia, EURAMET

CSIR-NML

Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, National Metrology Laboratory (became NMISA in 2007), South Africa, AFRIMETS

CSIRO-NML

Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization - National Measurement Laboratory; became National Measurement Institute, Australia, NMIA in 2004, Australia, APMP

IEN	Istituto Elettrotecnico Nazionale Galileo Ferraris; from 1st January 2006: Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, INRIM, Italy, EURAMET

LNE	Laboratoire national de métrologie et d'essais, France, EURAMET

METAS

Federal Institute of Metrology, Switzerland, EURAMET

NIM	National Institute of Metrology, China, APMP

NIST	National Institute of Standards and Technology, United States, SIM

NMIJ AIST

National Metrology Institute of Japan, Japan, APMP

NMi-VSL

Nederlands Meetinstituut - Van Swinden Laboratorium (became VSL in 2009), Netherlands, EURAMET

NPLI	CSIR National Physical Laboratory of India, India, APMP

NRC	National Research Council, Canada, SIM

PTB	Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Germany, EURAMET

SCL	Standards and Calibration Laboratory, Hong Kong, China, APMP

SNIIM

Siberian Scientific Research Institute for Metrology, Rosstandart, Russian Federation, COOMET

SP	Technical Research Institute of Sweden from 2017 Research Institutes of Sweden AB, Sweden, EURAMET

SPRING Singapore

Singapore Standards, Productivity and Innovation Board (became NMC, A*STAR in 2008), Singapore, APMP

UME	TÜBITAK Ulusal Metroloji Enstitüsü, Türkiye, EURAMET

CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL and SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL

Key Comparison CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL

PARAMETER : Complex-valued S-parameter S₂₁
ATTENUATION : 3 dB
FREQUENCY : 2 GHz

The teatment in terms of equivalence of the results obtained in this key comparison is detailed in the Appendix A of the CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL Final Report.

The key comparison reference value is determined from an arithmetic mean of the participant results, with some values excluded (data from laboratories indicated with a * and in italics in the measurement tables).
It is a complex quantity (x_R + j y_R); u(x_R) and u(y_R) are the combined standard uncertainties of x_R and y_R, respectively.
Before July 2004:
x_R = -0.64312, u(x_R) = 0.00019, y_R = -0.30158, u(y_R) = 0.00026
After July 2004:
x_R = -0.64305, u(x_R) = 0.00016, y_R = -0.30430, u(y_R) = 0.00057

Reduced dimension degrees of equivalence relative to the key comparison reference value, D_i, and by pairs of laboratories, D_ij, together with their respective 95% confidence indicators, U_i, and U_ij, are computed as explained in Appendix A of the Final Report.
The D_i's and D_ij's represent magnitudes of complex quantities and are thus always positive.

A step change was observed in the measurements of the 3 dB attenuator after the measurements were made at UME (July 2004), the cause of which is unclear. However, the device subsequently remained stable during the rest of the comparison. The loss of the continuity of this device has an effect on the intercomparison but it is not disastrous and some benefit can still be gained through the NPL measurements of both states of the device.

Key comparison SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL

The teatment in terms of equivalence of the results obtained in this key comparison is detailed on pp. 9-14 of the SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL Final Report.

CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL and SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL

Key Comparison CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL

PARAMETER : Complex-valued S-parameter S₂₁
ATTENUATION : 3 dB
FREQUENCY : 9 GHz

The teatment in terms of equivalence of the results obtained in this key comparison is detailed in the Appendix A of the CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL Final Report.

The key comparison reference value is determined from an arithmetic mean of the participant results, with some values excluded (data from laboratories indicated with a * and in italics in the measurement tables).
It is a complex quantity (x_R + j y_R); u(x_R) and u(y_R) are the combined standard uncertainties of x_R and y_R, respectively.
Before July 2004:
x_R = 0.68274, u(x_R) = 0.00016, y_R = 0.22499, u(y_R) = 0.00047
After July 2004:
x_R = 0.69194, u(x_R) = 0.00033, y_R = 0.22739, u(y_R) = 0.00087

Reduced dimension degrees of equivalence relative to the key comparison reference value, D_i, and by pairs of laboratories, D_ij, together with their respective 95% confidence indicators, U_i, and U_ij, are computed as explained in Appendix A of the Final Report.
The D_i's and D_ij's represent magnitudes of complex quantities and are thus always positive.

A step change was observed in the measurements of the 3 dB attenuator after the measurements were made at UME (July 2004), the cause of which is unclear. However, the device subsequently remained stable during the rest of the comparison. The loss of the continuity of this device has an effect on the intercomparison but it is not disastrous and some benefit can still be gained through the NPL measurements of both states of the device.

Key comparison SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL

The teatment in terms of equivalence of the results obtained in this key comparison is detailed on pp. 9-14 of the SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL Final Report.

CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL and SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL

Key Comparison CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL

PARAMETER : Complex-valued S-parameter S₂₁
ATTENUATION : 3 dB
FREQUENCY : 18 GHz

The teatment in terms of equivalence of the results obtained in this key comparison is detailed in the Appendix A of the CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL Final Report.

The key comparison reference value is determined from an arithmetic mean of the participant results, with some values excluded (data from laboratories indicated with a * and in italics in the measurement tables).
It is a complex quantity (x_R + j y_R); u(x_R) and u(y_R) are the combined standard uncertainties of x_R and y_R, respectively.
Before July 2004:
x_R = 0.71341, u(x_R) = 0.00035, y_R = 0.04049, u(y_R) = 0.00026
After July 2004:
x_R = 0.72273, u(x_R) = 0.00062, y_R = 0.0273, u(y_R) = 0.0019

Reduced dimension degrees of equivalence relative to the key comparison reference value, D_i, and by pairs of laboratories, D_ij, together with their respective 95% confidence indicators, U_i, and U_ij, are computed as explained in Appendix A of the Final Report.
The D_i's and D_ij's represent magnitudes of complex quantities and are thus always positive.

A step change was observed in the measurements of the 3 dB attenuator after the measurements were made at UME (July 2004), the cause of which is unclear. However, the device subsequently remained stable during the rest of the comparison. The loss of the continuity of this device has an effect on the intercomparison but it is not disastrous and some benefit can still be gained through the NPL measurements of both states of the device.

Key comparison SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL

The teatment in terms of equivalence of the results obtained in this key comparison is detailed on pp. 9-14 of the SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL Final Report.

CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL and SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL

Key Comparison CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL

PARAMETER : Complex-valued S-parameter S₂₁
ATTENUATION : 20 dB
FREQUENCY : 2 GHz

The teatment in terms of equivalence of the results obtained in this key comparison is detailed in the Appendix A of the CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL Final Report.

The key comparison reference value is determined from an arithmetic mean of the participant results, with some values excluded (data from laboratories indicated with a * and in italics in the measurement tables).
It is a complex quantity (x_R + j y_R); u(x_R) and u(y_R) are the combined standard uncertainties of x_R and y_R, respectively.
x_R = -0.086449, u(x_R) = 0.000031, y_R = -0.050838, u(y_R) = 0.000033

Reduced dimension degrees of equivalence relative to the key comparison reference value, D_i, and by pairs of laboratories, D_ij, together with their respective 95% confidence indicators, U_i, and U_ij, are computed as explained in Appendix A of the Final Report.
The D_i's and D_ij's represent magnitudes of complex quantities and are thus always positive.

Key comparison SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL

The teatment in terms of equivalence of the results obtained in this key comparison is detailed on pp. 9-14 of the SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL Final Report.

CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL and SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL

Key Comparison CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL

PARAMETER : Complex-valued S-parameter S₂₁
ATTENUATION : 20 dB
FREQUENCY : 9 GHz

The teatment in terms of equivalence of the results obtained in this key comparison is detailed in the Appendix A of the CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL Final Report.

The key comparison reference value is determined from an arithmetic mean of the participant results, with some values excluded (data from laboratories indicated with a * and in italics in the measurement tables).
It is a complex quantity (x_R + j y_R); u(x_R) and u(y_R) are the combined standard uncertainties of x_R and y_R, respectively.
x_R = 0.070784, u(x_R) = 0.000081, y_R = 0.069605, u(y_R) = 0.000068

Reduced dimension degrees of equivalence relative to the key comparison reference value, D_i, and by pairs of laboratories, D_ij, together with their respective 95% confidence indicators, U_i, and U_ij, are computed as explained in Appendix A of the Final Report.
The D_i's and D_ij's represent magnitudes of complex quantities and are thus always positive.

Key comparison SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL

The teatment in terms of equivalence of the results obtained in this key comparison is detailed on pp. 9-14 of the SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL Final Report.

CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL and SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL

PARAMETER : Complex-valued S-parameter S₂₁
ATTENUATION : 20 dB
FREQUENCY : 18 GHz

The teatment in terms of equivalence of the results obtained in this key comparison is detailed in the Appendix A of the CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL Final Report.

The key comparison reference value is determined from an arithmetic mean of the participant results, with some values excluded (data from laboratories indicated with a * and in italics in the measurement tables).
It is a complex quantity (x_R + j y_R); u(x_R) and u(y_R) are the combined standard uncertainties of x_R and y_R, respectively.
x_R = 0.02676, u(x_R) = 0.00014, y_R = 0.100615, u(y_R) = 0.000065

Reduced dimension degrees of equivalence relative to the key comparison reference value, D_i, and by pairs of laboratories, D_ij, together with their respective 95% confidence indicators, U_i, and U_ij, are computed as explained in Appendix A of the Final Report.
The D_i's and D_ij's represent magnitudes of complex quantities and are thus always positive.

Key comparison SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL

The teatment in terms of equivalence of the results obtained in this key comparison is detailed on pp. 9-14 of the SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL Final Report.

PARAMETER : Complex-valued S-parameter S₂₁
ATTENUATION : 50 dB
FREQUENCY : 2 GHz

The teatment in terms of equivalence of the results obtained in this key comparison is detailed in the Appendix A of the CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL Final Report.

The key comparison reference value is determined from an arithmetic mean of the participant results, with some values excluded (data from laboratories indicated with a * and in italics in the measurement tables).
It is a complex quantity (x_R + j y_R); u(x_R) and u(y_R) are the combined standard uncertainties of x_R and y_R, respectively.
x_R = -0.0021725, u(x_R) = 0.0000025, y_R = -0.0021696, u(y_R) = 0.0000025

Reduced dimension degrees of equivalence relative to the key comparison reference value, D_i, and by pairs of laboratories, D_ij, together with their respective 95% confidence indicators, U_i, and U_ij, are computed as explained in Appendix A of the Final Report.
The D_i's and D_ij's represent magnitudes of complex quantities and are thus always positive.

PARAMETER : Complex-valued S-parameter S₂₁
ATTENUATION : 50 dB
FREQUENCY : 9 GHz

The teatment in terms of equivalence of the results obtained in this key comparison is detailed in the Appendix A of the CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL Final Report.

The key comparison reference value is determined from an arithmetic mean of the participant results, with some values excluded (data from laboratories indicated with a * and in italics in the measurement tables).
It is a complex quantity (x_R + j y_R); u(x_R) and u(y_R) are the combined standard uncertainties of x_R and y_R, respectively.
x_R = -0.0011881, u(x_R) = 0.0000066, y_R = 0.0028104, u(y_R) = 0.0000062

Reduced dimension degrees of equivalence relative to the key comparison reference value, D_i, and by pairs of laboratories, D_ij, together with their respective 95% confidence indicators, U_i, and U_ij, are computed as explained in Appendix A of the Final Report.
The D_i's and D_ij's represent magnitudes of complex quantities and are thus always positive.

PARAMETER : Complex-valued S-parameter S₂₁
ATTENUATION : 50 dB
FREQUENCY : 18 GHz

The teatment in terms of equivalence of the results obtained in this key comparison is detailed in the Appendix A of the CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL Final Report.

The key comparison reference value is determined from an arithmetic mean of the participant results, with some values excluded (data from laboratories indicated with a * and in italics in the measurement tables).
It is a complex quantity (x_R + j y_R); u(x_R) and u(y_R) are the combined standard uncertainties of x_R and y_R, respectively.
x_R = -0.0019323, u(x_R) = 0.0000055, y_R = -0.0029854, u(y_R) = 0.0000045

Reduced dimension degrees of equivalence relative to the key comparison reference value, D_i, and by pairs of laboratories, D_ij, together with their respective 95% confidence indicators, U_i, and U_ij, are computed as explained in Appendix A of the Final Report.
The D_i's and D_ij's represent magnitudes of complex quantities and are thus always positive.

PARAMETER : Complex-valued voltage reflection coefficient S₁₁
Male matched load
FREQUENCY : 2 GHz

The teatment in terms of equivalence of the results obtained in this key comparison is detailed in the Appendix A of the CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL Final Report.

The key comparison reference value is determined from an arithmetic mean of the participant results, with some values excluded (data from laboratories indicated with a * and in italics in the measurement tables).
It is a complex quantity (x_R + j y_R); u(x_R) and u(y_R) are the combined standard uncertainties of x_R and y_R, respectively.
x_R = 0.00176, u(x_R) = 0.00023, y_R = 0.00028, u(y_R) = 0.00027

Reduced dimension degrees of equivalence relative to the key comparison reference value, D_i, and by pairs of laboratories, D_ij, together with their respective 95% confidence indicators, U_i, and U_ij, are computed as explained in Appendix A of the Final Report.
The D_i's and D_ij's represent magnitudes of complex quantities and are thus always positive.

Key comparison SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL

The teatment in terms of equivalence of the results obtained in this key comparison is detailed on pp. 9-14 of the SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL Final Report.

CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL and SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL

PARAMETER : Complex-valued voltage reflection coefficient S₁₁
Male matched load
FREQUENCY : 9 GHz

The teatment in terms of equivalence of the results obtained in this key comparison is detailed in the Appendix A of the CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL Final Report.

The key comparison reference value is determined from an arithmetic mean of the participant results, with some values excluded (data from laboratories indicated with a * and in italics in the measurement tables).
It is a complex quantity (x_R + j y_R); u(x_R) and u(y_R) are the combined standard uncertainties of x_R and y_R, respectively.
x_R = -0.00208, u(x_R) = 0.00059, y_R = 0.00725, u(y_R) = 0.00044

Reduced dimension degrees of equivalence relative to the key comparison reference value, D_i, and by pairs of laboratories, D_ij, together with their respective 95% confidence indicators, U_i, and U_ij, are computed as explained in Appendix A of the Final Report.
The D_i's and D_ij's represent magnitudes of complex quantities and are thus always positive.

Key comparison SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL

The teatment in terms of equivalence of the results obtained in this key comparison is detailed on pp. 9-14 of the SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL Final Report.

CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL and SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL

Key comparison CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL

PARAMETER : Complex-valued voltage reflection coefficient S₁₁
Male matched load
FREQUENCY : 18 GHz

The teatment in terms of equivalence of the results obtained in this key comparison is detailed in the Appendix A of the CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL Final Report.

The key comparison reference value is determined from an arithmetic mean of the participant results, with some values excluded (data from laboratories indicated with a * and in italics in the measurement tables).
It is a complex quantity (x_R + j y_R); u(x_R) and u(y_R) are the combined standard uncertainties of x_R and y_R, respectively.
x_R = -0.00007, u(x_R) = 0.00097, y_R = 0.05695, u(y_R) = 0.00065

Reduced dimension degrees of equivalence relative to the key comparison reference value, D_i, and by pairs of laboratories, D_ij, together with their respective 95% confidence indicators, U_i, and U_ij, are computed as explained in Appendix A of the Final Report.
The D_i's and D_ij's represent magnitudes of complex quantities and are thus always positive.

Key comparison SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL

The teatment in terms of equivalence of the results obtained in this key comparison is detailed on pp. 9-14 of the SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL Final Report.

Key Comparison CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL

PARAMETER : Complex-valued voltage reflection coefficient S₁₁Female mismatched load
FREQUENCY : 2 GHz

The teatment in terms of equivalence of the results obtained in this key comparison is detailed in the Appendix A of the CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL Final Report.

The key comparison reference value is determined from an arithmetic mean of the participant results, with some values excluded (data from laboratories indicated with a * and in italics in the measurement tables).
It is a complex quantity (x_R + j y_R); u(x_R) and u(y_R) are the combined standard uncertainties of x_R and y_R, respectively.
x_R = 0.2445, u(x_R) = 0.0018, y_R = 0.2216, u(y_R) = 0.0058

Reduced dimension degrees of equivalence relative to the key comparison reference value, D_i, and by pairs of laboratories, D_ij, together with their respective 95% confidence indicators, U_i, and U_ij, are computed as explained in Appendix A of the Final Report.
The D_i's and D_ij's represent magnitudes of complex quantities and are thus always positive.

PARAMETER : Complex-valued voltage reflection coefficient S₁₁Female mismatched load
FREQUENCY : 9 GHz

The teatment in terms of equivalence of the results obtained in this key comparison is detailed in the Appendix A of the CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL Final Report.

The key comparison reference value is determined from an arithmetic mean of the participant results, with some values excluded (data from laboratories indicated with a * and in italics in the measurement tables).
It is a complex quantity (x_R + j y_R); u(x_R) and u(y_R) are the combined standard uncertainties of x_R and y_R, respectively.
x_R = 0.0319, u(x_R) = 0.0025, y_R = -0.3244, u(y_R) = 0.0081

Reduced dimension degrees of equivalence relative to the key comparison reference value, D_i, and by pairs of laboratories, D_ij, together with their respective 95% confidence indicators, U_i, and U_ij, are computed as explained in Appendix A of the Final Report.
The D_i's and D_ij's represent magnitudes of complex quantities and are thus always positive.

PARAMETER : Complex-valued voltage reflection coefficient S₁₁Female mismatched load
FREQUENCY : 18 GHz

The teatment in terms of equivalence of the results obtained in this key comparison is detailed in the Appendix A of the CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL Final Report.

The key comparison reference value is determined from an arithmetic mean of the participant results, with some values excluded (data from laboratories indicated with a * and in italics in the measurement tables).
It is a complex quantity (x_R + j y_R); u(x_R) and u(y_R) are the combined standard uncertainties of x_R and y_R, respectively.
x_R = 0.30649, u(x_R) = 0.00087, y_R = -0.1745, u(y_R) = 0.0035

Reduced dimension degrees of equivalence relative to the key comparison reference value, D_i, and by pairs of laboratories, D_ij, together with their respective 95% confidence indicators, U_i, and U_ij, are computed as explained in Appendix A of the Final Report.
The D_i's and D_ij's represent magnitudes of complex quantities and are thus always positive.

CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL and SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL

Key Comparison CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL

PARAMETER : Complex-valued S-parameter S₂₁
ATTENUATION : 3 dB
FREQUENCY : 2 GHz

For each laboratory i, the result is supplied in complex form S_{21 i} = x_i + j y_i
u(x_i) and u(y_i) are the combined standard uncertainties of x_i and y_i, respectively

A step change was observed in the measurements of the 3 dB attenuator after the measurements were made at UME (July 2004), the cause of which is unclear. However, the device subsequently remained stable during the rest of the comparison. The loss of the continuity of this device has an effect on the intercomparison but it is not disastrous and some benefit can still be gained through the NPL measurements of both states of the device.

* Participant who is not a member of the CCEM (data not used for the computation of the key comparison reference value)
italics: Participant who has provided data found to be inconsistent (data not used for the computation of the key comparison reference value)

All numbers are given here with four digits, they come from Tables 3a and 3b on pages 21 and 22 of the CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL Final Report.

Key comparison SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL

For each laboratory i, the result is supplied in complex form S_{21 i} = x_i + j y_i
u(x_i) and u(y_i) are the combined standard uncertainties of x_i and y_i, respectively

CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL and SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL

Key Comparison CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL

PARAMETER : Complex-valued S-parameter S₂₁
ATTENUATION : 3 dB
FREQUENCY : 9 GHz

For each laboratory i, the result is supplied in complex form S_{21 i} = x_i + j y_i
u(x_i) and u(y_i) are the combined standard uncertainties of x_i and y_i, respectively

A step change was observed in the measurements of the 3 dB attenuator after the measurements were made at UME (July 2004), the cause of which is unclear. However, the device subsequently remained stable during the rest of the comparison. The loss of the continuity of this device has an effect on the intercomparison but it is not disastrous and some benefit can still be gained through the NPL measurements of both states of the device.

* Participant who is not a member of the CCEM (data not used for the computation of the key comparison reference value)
italics: Participant who has provided data found to be inconsistent (data not used for the computation of the key comparison reference value)

All numbers are given here with four digits, they come from Tables 4a and 4b on pages 24 and 25 of the CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL Final Report.

Key comparison SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL

For each laboratory i, the result is supplied in complex form S_{21 i} = x_i + j y_i
u(x_i) and u(y_i) are the combined standard uncertainties of x_i and y_i, respectively

CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL and SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL

Key Comparison CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL

PARAMETER : Complex-valued S-parameter S₂₁
ATTENUATION : 3 dB
FREQUENCY : 18 GHz

For each laboratory i, the result is supplied in complex form S_{21 i} = x_i + j y_i
u(x_i) and u(y_i) are the combined standard uncertainties of x_i and y_i, respectively

A step change was observed in the measurements of the 3 dB attenuator after the measurements were made at UME (July 2004), the cause of which is unclear. However, the device subsequently remained stable during the rest of the comparison. The loss of the continuity of this device has an effect on the intercomparison but it is not disastrous and some benefit can still be gained through the NPL measurements of both states of the device.

* Participant who is not a member of the CCEM (data not used for the computation of the key comparison reference value)
italics: Participant who has provided data found to be inconsistent (data not used for the computation of the key comparison reference value)

All numbers are given here with four digits, they come from Tables 5a and 5b on pages 27 and 28 of the CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL Final Report.

Key comparison SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL

For each laboratory i, the result is supplied in complex form S_{21 i} = x_i + j y_i
u(x_i) and u(y_i) are the combined standard uncertainties of x_i and y_i, respectively

CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL and SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL

Key Comparison CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL

PARAMETER : Complex-valued S-parameter S₂₁
ATTENUATION : 20 dB
FREQUENCY : 2 GHz

For each laboratory i, the result is supplied in complex form S_{21 i} = x_i + j y_i
u(x_i) and u(y_i) are the combined standard uncertainties of x_i and y_i, respectively

* Participant who is not a member of the CCEM (data not used for the computation of the key comparison reference value)

All numbers are given here with five digits, they come from Table 6a on page 30 of the CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL Final Report.

Key comparison SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL

For each laboratory i, the result is supplied in complex form S_{21 i} = x_i + j y_i
u(x_i) and u(y_i) are the combined standard uncertainties of x_i and y_i, respectively

CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL and SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL

Key Comparison CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL
PARAMETER : Complex-valued S-parameter S₂₁
ATTENUATION : 20 dB
FREQUENCY : 9 GHz

For each laboratory i, the result is supplied in complex form S_{21 i} = x_i + j y_i
u(x_i) and u(y_i) are the combined standard uncertainties of x_i and y_i, respectively

* Participant who is not a member of the CCEM (data not used for the computation of the key comparison reference value)
Italics: Participant who has provided data found to be inconsistent (data not used for the computation of the key comparison reference value)

All numbers are given here with five digits, they come from Table 7a on page 32 of the CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL Final Report.
- Key comparison SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL
For each laboratory i, the result is supplied in complex form S_{21 i} = x_i + j y_i
u(x_i) and u(y_i) are the combined standard uncertainties of x_i and y_i, respectively

CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL and SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL

Key Comparison CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL
PARAMETER : Complex-valued S-parameter S₂₁
ATTENUATION : 20 dB
FREQUENCY : 18 GHz

For each laboratory i, the result is supplied in complex form S_{21 i} = x_i + j y_i
u(x_i) and u(y_i) are the combined standard uncertainties of x_i and y_i, respectively

* Participant who is not a member of the CCEM (data not used for the computation of the key comparison reference value)
Italics: Participant who has provided data found to be inconsistent (data not used for the computation of the key comparison reference value)

All numbers are given here with five digits, they come from Table 8a on page 34 of the CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL Final Report.
- Key comparison SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL
For each laboratory i, the result is supplied in complex form S_{21 i} = x_i + j y_i
u(x_i) and u(y_i) are the combined standard uncertainties of x_i and y_i, respectively

PARAMETER : Complex-valued S-parameter S₂₁
ATTENUATION : 50 dB
FREQUENCY : 2 GHz

For each laboratory i, the result is supplied in complex form S_{21 i} = x_i + j y_i
u(x_i) and u(y_i) are the combined standard uncertainties of x_i and y_i, respectively

* Participant who is not a member of the CCEM (data not used for the computation of the key comparison reference value)

All numbers are given here with six digits, they come from Table 9a on page 36 of the CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL Final Report.

PARAMETER : Complex-valued S-parameter S₂₁
ATTENUATION : 50 dB
FREQUENCY : 9 GHz

For each laboratory i, the result is supplied in complex form S_{21 i} = x_i + j y_i
u(x_i) and u(y_i) are the combined standard uncertainties of x_i and y_i, respectively

* Participant who is not a member of the CCEM (data not used for the computation of the key comparison reference value)

All numbers are given here with six digits, they come from Table 10a on page 38 of the CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL Final Report.

PARAMETER : Complex-valued S-parameter S₂₁
ATTENUATION : 50 dB
FREQUENCY : 18 GHz

For each laboratory i, the result is supplied in complex form S_{21 i} = x_i + j y_i
u(x_i) and u(y_i) are the combined standard uncertainties of x_i and y_i, respectively

* Participant who is not a member of the CCEM (data not used for the computation of the key comparison reference value)

All numbers are given here with six digits, they come from Table 11a on page 40 of the CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL Final Report.

CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL and SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL

Key Comparison CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL

PARAMETER : Complex-valued voltage reflection coefficient S₁₁
Male matched load
FREQUENCY : 2 GHz

For each laboratory i, the result is supplied in complex form S_{11 i} = x_i + j y_i
u(x_i) and u(y_i) are the combined standard uncertainties of x_i and y_i, respectively

* Participant who is not a member of the CCEM (data not used for the computation of the key comparison reference value)

All numbers are given here with four digits, they come from Table 12a on page 42 of the CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL Final Report.

Key comparison SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL

For each laboratory i, the result is supplied in complex form S_{11 i} = x_i + j y_i
u(x_i) and u(y_i) are the combined standard uncertainties of x_i and y_i, respectively

CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL and SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL

PARAMETER : Complex-valued voltage reflection coefficient S₁₁
Male matched load
FREQUENCY : 9 GHz

For each laboratory i, the result is supplied in complex form S_{11 i} = x_i + j y_i
u(x_i) and u(y_i) are the combined standard uncertainties of x_i and y_i, respectively

* Participant who is not a member of the CCEM (data not used for the computation of the key comparison reference value)
italics: Participant who has provided data found to be inconsistent (data not used for the computation of the key comparison reference value)

All numbers are given here with four digits, they come from Table 13a on page 44 of the CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL Final Report.

Key comparison SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL

For each laboratory i, the result is supplied in complex form S_{11 i} = x_i + j y_i
u(x_i) and u(y_i) are the combined standard uncertainties of x_i and y_i, respectively

CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL and SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL

Key comparison CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL

PARAMETER : Complex-valued voltage reflection coefficient S₁₁
Male matched load
FREQUENCY : 18 GHz

For each laboratory i, the result is supplied in complex form S_{11 i} = x_i + j y_i
u(x_i) and u(y_i) are the combined standard uncertainties of x_i and y_i, respectively

* Participant who is not a member of the CCEM (data not used for the computation of the key comparison reference value)
italics: Participant who has provided data found to be inconsistent (data not used for the computation of the key comparison reference value)

All numbers are given here with four digits, they come from Table 14a on page 46 of the CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL Final Report.

Key comparison SIM.EM.RF-K5.b.CL

For each laboratory i, the result is supplied in complex form S_{11 i} = x_i + j y_i
u(x_i) and u(y_i) are the combined standard uncertainties of x_i and y_i, respectively

PARAMETER : Complex-valued voltage reflection coefficient S₁₁Female mismatched load
FREQUENCY : 2 GHz

For each laboratory i, the result is supplied in complex form S_{11 i} = x_i + j y_i
u(x_i) and u(y_i) are the combined standard uncertainties of x_i and y_i, respectively

* Participant who is not a member of the CCEM (data not used for the computation of the key comparison reference value)
italics: Participant who has provided data found to be inconsistent (data not used for the computation of the key comparison reference value)

All numbers are given here with four digits, they come from Table 15a on page 48 of the CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL Final Report.

PARAMETER : Complex-valued voltage reflection coefficient S₁₁Female mismatched load
FREQUENCY : 9 GHz

For each laboratory i, the result is supplied in complex form S_{11 i} = x_i + j y_i
u(x_i) and u(y_i) are the combined standard uncertainties of x_i and y_i, respectively

* Participant who is not a member of the CCEM (data not used for the computation of the key comparison reference value)
italics: Participant who has provided data found to be inconsistent (data not used for the computation of the key comparison reference value)

All numbers are given here with four digits, they come from Table 16a on page 50 of the CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL Final Report.

PARAMETER : Complex-valued voltage reflection coefficient S₁₁Female mismatched load
FREQUENCY : 18 GHz

For each laboratory i, the result is supplied in complex form S_{11 i} = x_i + j y_i
u(x_i) and u(y_i) are the combined standard uncertainties of x_i and y_i, respectively

* Participant who is not a member of the CCEM (data not used for the computation of the key comparison reference value)
italics: Participant who has provided data found to be inconsistent (data not used for the computation of the key comparison reference value)

All numbers are given here with four digits, they come from Table 17a on page 52 of the CCEM.RF-K5.b.CL Final Report.